Estimation, Valuation & Construction Management MCQs for APSC PWD and WRD JE 2025

30 Estimation, Valuation & Construction Management MCQs for APSC JE PWD & Water Resources 2025

Topics Covered

• Estimation and Costing
• Valuation
• Construction Planning and Scheduling
• Construction Techniques and Equipment
• Project Management

Topic: Estimation and Costing

1. What is the primary purpose of a detailed estimate?

a) To determine project feasibility b) To calculate exact quantities and costs c) To prepare a rough budget d) To schedule manpower

Answer: b) To calculate exact quantities and costs
A detailed estimate provides precise quantities of materials and labor for accurate cost calculation.

Topic: Estimation and Costing

2. Which unit is used for estimating plastering work?

a) Cubic meter b) Square meter c) Linear meter d) Number

Answer: b) Square meter
Plastering is measured by surface area, typically in square meters.

Topic: Estimation and Costing

3. What is the standard deduction for openings in brickwork estimation?

a) No deduction for openings below 0.1 sq.m b) Full deduction for all openings c) Half deduction for openings below 0.5 sq.m d) Deduction only for openings above 1 sq.m

Answer: a) No deduction for openings below 0.1 sq.m
Small openings (less than 0.1 sq.m) are typically ignored in brickwork calculations.

Topic: Valuation

4. What is the book value of a property?

a) Market value at sale b) Original cost minus depreciation c) Replacement cost d) Scrap value

Answer: b) Original cost minus depreciation
Book value reflects the asset’s cost adjusted for depreciation over time.

Topic: Valuation

5. Which method is used for valuing rental properties?

a) Replacement cost method b) Profit-based method c) Rental method d) Development method

Answer: c) Rental method
It estimates value based on the annual rental income of the property.

Topic: Valuation

6. What is the scrap value of a building?

a) Value after 50 years b) Value of materials after demolition c) Market value at sale d) Cost of reconstruction

Answer: b) Value of materials after demolition
Scrap value is the residual value of materials post-demolition, typically 10% of construction cost.

Topic: Estimation and Costing

7. What does the term 'contingency' cover in an estimate?

a) Major structural changes b) Unforeseen expenses c) Labor wages only d) Material costs

Answer: b) Unforeseen expenses
Contingency (3-5% of total cost) accounts for unexpected costs during construction.

Topic: Estimation and Costing

8. Which method is used for estimating road construction?

a) Centerline method b) Long wall-short wall method c) Plinth area method d) Unit rate method

Answer: a) Centerline method
It calculates quantities based on the road’s centerline length for accuracy.

Topic: Valuation

9. What is the purpose of depreciation in valuation?

a) Increase property value b) Account for wear and tear c) Calculate taxes d) Estimate construction cost

Answer: b) Account for wear and tear
Depreciation reduces the property’s value based on age and condition.

Topic: Estimation and Costing

10. What is a rate analysis used for?

a) Determining project duration b) Calculating cost per unit of work c) Scheduling tasks d) Assessing property value

Answer: b) Calculating cost per unit of work
Rate analysis breaks down material, labor, and overhead costs for each work item.

Topic: Valuation

11. Which factor does NOT affect the valuation of a property?

a) Location b) Age of the building c) Owner’s nationality d) Market demand

Answer: c) Owner’s nationality
Valuation depends on objective factors like location, age, and demand, not personal attributes.

Topic: Estimation and Costing

12. What is the plinth area of a building?

a) Total land area b) Built-up area at ground level c) Carpet area plus walls d) Roof area

Answer: b) Built-up area at ground level
Plinth area includes the entire floor area within external walls at the ground level.

Topic: Valuation

13. What is the sinking fund method used for?

a) Estimating construction cost b) Calculating future replacement cost c) Determining market value d) Assessing rental income

Answer: b) Calculating future replacement cost
It accumulates funds over time to replace an asset at the end of its life.

Topic: Estimation and Costing

14. Which item is included in a preliminary estimate?

a) Detailed material quantities b) Approximate cost of the project c) Labor schedules d) Exact equipment costs

Answer: b) Approximate cost of the project
Preliminary estimates provide a rough cost for initial planning.

Topic: Valuation

15. What is the market value of a property?

a) Cost of construction b) Price it fetches in an open market c) Depreciated value d) Scrap value

Answer: b) Price it fetches in an open market
Market value reflects what buyers are willing to pay under current conditions.

Topic: Construction Planning and Scheduling

16. What is the critical path in a project?

a) Shortest path to completion b) Longest path determining project duration c) Path with most resources d) Path with least tasks

Answer: b) Longest path determining project duration
The critical path has no float and dictates the project’s minimum completion time.

Topic: Construction Planning and Scheduling

17. What does PERT stand for?

a) Project Evaluation and Review Technique b) Plan Execution and Resource Tracking c) Program Estimation and Risk Tool d) Project Efficiency and Reporting Technique

Answer: a) Project Evaluation and Review Technique
PERT is used for scheduling and managing projects with uncertain task durations.

Topic: Construction Techniques and Equipment

18. Which equipment is used for compacting soil?

a) Bulldozer b) Roller c) Excavator d) Crane

Answer: b) Roller
Rollers compact soil to increase its density and stability.

Topic: Project Management

19. What is the primary purpose of a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)?

a) Allocate funds b) Divide project into manageable tasks c) Schedule equipment d) Monitor quality

Answer: b) Divide project into manageable tasks
WBS breaks down complex projects into smaller, trackable components.

Topic: Construction Planning and Scheduling

20. What is float in a project schedule?

a) Extra time for non-critical tasks b) Total project duration c) Time for critical tasks d) Delay in resource allocation

Answer: a) Extra time for non-critical tasks
Float allows flexibility in scheduling tasks not on the critical path.

Topic: Construction Techniques and Equipment

21. Which construction technique is used for deep foundations?

a) Raft foundation b) Pile foundation c) Strip foundation d) Pad foundation

Answer: b) Pile foundation
Piles transfer loads to deeper, stable soil layers.

Topic: Project Management

22. What is the main objective of quality control in construction?

a) Reduce project cost b) Ensure work meets specifications c) Speed up construction d) Minimize labor use

Answer: b) Ensure work meets specifications
Quality control verifies that materials and workmanship adhere to standards.

Topic: Construction Planning and Scheduling

23. What is a Gantt chart used for?

a) Cost estimation b) Project scheduling c) Material procurement d) Risk analysis

Answer: b) Project scheduling
Gantt charts visualize task timelines and dependencies.

Topic: Construction Techniques and Equipment

24. Which material is primarily used in precast concrete construction?

a) Timber b) Reinforced concrete c) Brick d) Steel

Answer: b) Reinforced concrete
Precast concrete uses reinforced concrete for strength and durability.

Topic: Project Management

25. What does a project manager monitor during execution?

a) Only cost b) Time, cost, and quality c) Only manpower d) Only equipment

Answer: b) Time, cost, and quality
These are the key parameters for successful project delivery.

Topic: Construction Planning and Scheduling

26. What is crashing in project management?

a) Delaying tasks b) Reducing project duration by adding resources c) Eliminating tasks d) Increasing project scope

Answer: b) Reducing project duration by adding resources
Crashing accelerates tasks but may increase costs.

Topic: Construction Techniques and Equipment

27. Which equipment is best suited for lifting heavy loads to great heights?

a) Forklift b) Tower crane c) Backhoe d) Grader

Answer: b) Tower crane
Tower cranes are designed for heavy lifting in high-rise construction.

Topic: Project Management

28. What is a risk register used for?

a) Tracking project costs b) Identifying and managing risks c) Scheduling tasks d) Allocating manpower

Answer: b) Identifying and managing risks
It lists potential risks and mitigation strategies.

Topic: Construction Planning and Scheduling

29. What is the purpose of a bar chart in construction?

a) Cost estimation b) Visualizing task durations c) Material inventory d) Quality testing

Answer: b) Visualizing task durations
Bar charts (like Gantt charts) show task start, end, and duration.

Topic: Construction Techniques and Equipment

30. Which technique improves concrete strength in cold weather?

a) Air curing b) Steam curing c) Dry mixing d) Vacuum dewatering

Answer: b) Steam curing
Steam curing accelerates hydration, enhancing strength in low temperatures.